Vezvenhau vekuJapan vanoti China iri kufunga kurambidza kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwemamwe magineti epasi kurwisa tekinoroji yakatemerwa neUnited States kuChina.
Mumwe munhu ane zviwanikwa akataura kuti nekuda kwekusamira kweChina mumasemiconductors epamusoro, "vanogona kushandisa pasi risingawanzo semachipisi ekutengesa nekuti kushaya simba kweJapan neUnited States.
Ministry of Commerce uye Ministry of Science and Technology yeChina yakazivisadraft listmuna Zvita gore rapfuura, izvo zvinosanganisira 43 zvigadziriso kana zvekuwedzera. Vakuru vehurumende vakapedza hurongwa hwekukumbira veruzhinji pfungwa dzenyanzvi, uye zvinotarisirwa kuti kuvandudzwa uku kutange kushanda gore rino.
Zvinoenderana nekukumbirwa kweshanduro yemaonero eruzhinji, hazvibvumidzwe kutumira kunze kwenyika humwe hutekinoroji hunosanganisira pasi risingawanikwe, maseketi akasanganiswa, inorganic isiri-simbi zvinhu, spacecraft, nezvimwewo. Chinhu chechi11 chinorambidza kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwezvisingawanzo kutorwa, kugadzira uye kushandisa matekinoroji. . Kunyanya, pane zvinhu zvina zvakakosha zvekufunga nezvazvo: chekutanga, isingawanzo kutorwa pasi uye tekinoroji yekuparadzanisa; Yechipiri ndiyo tekinoroji yekugadzira yezvisingawanzo pasi simbi uye alloy zvinhu; Yechitatu ndiyo tekinoroji yekugadzirira yeSamarium Cobalt magineti, Neodymium Iron Boron magineti, uye magineti eCerium; Yechina ndiyo tekinoroji yekugadzirira yerare earth calcium borate. Rare pasi, sechinhu chakakosha chisingadzokerikezve, chine chinzvimbo chakakosha chehurongwa. Ongororo iyi inogona kusimbisa zvirambidzo zveChina kunze kwenyika kune zvisingawanzo zvigadzirwa zvepasi uye matekinoroji.
Sezvinozivikanwa, China ine hutongi hwakasimba muindasitiri yepasi rose isingawanzo. Mushure mekugadzwa kweChina Rare Earth Group muna 2022, kutonga kweChina pamusoro pezvisingawanzo kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwave kuoma. Iri resource endowment rakakwana kuona mafambiro ebudiriro yeindasitiri yepasi rose isingawanzo. Asi iyi haisi iyo yakakosha mukana weChina isingawanzo indasitiri yepasi. Izvo nyika dzekuMadokero dzinotya zvechokwadi kucheneswa kwepasi kwepasi rose kweChina, kugadzira tekinoroji uye kugona.
Kudzokororwa kwekupedzisira kwechinyorwa muChina kwaive muna 2020. Mushure mezvo, Washington yakagadzira isingawanzo kuwanikwa pasi penyika muUnited States. Zvinoenderana nedata kubva kuUnited States Geological Survey (USGS), chikamu cheChina chepasi rose kugadzirwa kwepasi chadzikira kubva pa90% makore gumi apfuura kusvika 70% gore rapfuura.
High performance magineti ane huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa, senge servo motors,injini dzemaindasitiri, mota dzemhando yepamusoro, uye mota dzemagetsi. Muna 2010, China yakamisa kutumira kunze kwenyika kuJapan nekuda kwegakava rekutonga pamusoro peDiaoyu Islands (inozivikanwawo seSenkaku Islands muJapan). Japan inyanzvi mukugadzira magineti epamusoro-soro, nepo United States ichigadzira zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa aya magineti epamusoro. Chiitiko ichi chasimudza kushushikana pakati peUnited States neJapan maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwehupfumi.
Munyori Mukuru weCabinet yeJapan, Hiroyi Matsuno akataura pamusangano wevatori venhau muna Kubvumbi 5, 2023 kuti ari kunyatso tarisisa kurambidzwa kweChina kunze kwenyika pahunyanzvi hwepamusoro-soro hwemagineti ane chekuita nemagetsi anoshandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi.
Sekureva kwechishumo chakaitwa naNikkei Asia nemusi weChina (Kubvumbi 6), chirongwa chepamutemo cheChina ndechekudzokorodza tekinoroji yekudzivirira kunze kwenyika. Izvo zvakadzokororwa zvemukati zvinorambidza kana kurambidza kunze kwenyika tekinoroji yekugadziridza uye kunatsa zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi, uye zvinokurudzirwawo kurambidza kana kurambidza kunze kwenyika kweiyo alloy tekinoroji inodiwa pakubvisa magineti epamusoro-soro kubva kune zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-07-2023